Looking at types of senior living options can feel like you’re standing in front of a restaurant menu where everything sounds interesting, but there are too many choices. Independent living, retirement community, 55-plus community, and more — are they actually distinct, or are they just different words for the same thing?
Maybe you’re picturing more free time and social opportunities for yourself, or maybe you’re searching for an environment where your loved one with memory loss can receive the thoughtful care they need. This article will walk you through the most common options for senior living in plain language, including what they offer, who they’re best for, and what daily life looks like in each one.
If it’s a community for people over 55, it’s a senior living community. “Senior living” is the umbrella term for many different communities. It’s a category, not a type of living.
When people first explore community living, they’re often surprised at just how customizable the experience can be. You’re choosing a lifestyle, and many senior living options are designed to support individual levels of independence, social connection, and care needs.
More specific senior living lifestyles you might consider include:
Independent living options are ideal for older adults who want freedom and social engagement but appreciate convenience. Residents enjoy community amenities such as clubhouses, pools, housekeeping, dining, and recreational programming, plus access to well-being programs and security. This is one of the most appealing options for senior living if you want a wealth of social opportunities and a low-maintenance lifestyle but don’t need hands-on care or assistance with daily living.
Best for: Seniors who value independence but desire a vibrant, service-rich lifestyle. Learn more in our detailed overview of independent living. →
Assisted living options for seniors build on the independent living model by adding personalized assistance with activities of daily living (ADLs) such as bathing, dressing, and managing medications. You still maintain independence where it matters most to you, but you’re surrounded by a supportive team that steps in when you want them to.
Best for: Adults who need help with daily routines but still want privacy and independence. Find the facts about assisted living and read about the differences between assisted living and independent living. →
These communities specialize in supporting residents with Alzheimer’s and other dementias by providing a safe, structured environment. Among senior living options, memory care provides the most specialized structure. Thoughtful routines, programs designed to stimulate cognition, sensory experiences, calming spaces, and specially trained team members help residents feel grounded and supported while providing family members peace of mind.
Best for: Individuals with memory-related conditions who need ongoing supervision and specialized enrichment. Learn more in our memory care overview. →
Also known as life plan communities, continuing care retirement communities (CCRCs) combine multiple levels of living all on one campus — independent living, assisted living, memory care, and more. Residents enjoy all the benefits of independent living plus the peace of mind that comes with well-being programs, security, and long-term care options in one location.
Best for: Couples or individuals who want long-term stability and peace of mind, knowing future health care needs can be met in one place. Learn more about continuing care in our overview. →
Long-term care provides specialized care to people with chronic illnesses or complex medical needs. Some long-term care communities also incorporate elements of assisted living by offering engaging programming to support independence.
Although some people may use “independent living,” “retirement community,” and “55+ community” interchangeably, each term actually denotes a specific set of services and amenities. Comparing them will help you understand which might be right for you.
|
Retirement Community |
Independent Living |
55+ Community |
|
|
Description |
Age-restricted community offering social connections and amenities; may include multiple care levels |
Residential community designed for active older adults who want daily convenience and amenities |
Age-restricted neighborhood that provides services to maintain the property and common areas |
|
Lifestyle |
Social and age-friendly |
Community-driven, low-maintenance, and well-being focused |
Independent and homeowner-driven, with a focus on recreation and autonomy |
|
Best For |
Healthy, active older adults wanting connection and fewer tasks on their to-do list |
Healthy, active older adults wanting independence and convenience |
Healthy, active older adults who prefer full autonomy but want more social options |
|
Amenities and Services |
Ranges from basic to robust services, depending on the location |
Robust amenities and services, including dining, housekeeping, transportation, landscaping, home maintenance, community spaces (e.g., pool, fitness center, theater), well-being resources, and a dynamic social calendar |
Landscaping, external home maintenance, community clubhouse, recreational venues (e.g., pools, parks, athletic courts), and hobby clubs |
|
Housing |
Apartments, cottages, or townhomes |
Apartments or townhomes |
Single-family homes, condos, villas |
|
Medical and Care Considerations |
May offer medical services and care options, depending on the location |
Does not offer care options, but some medical services (e.g., physical therapy) may be available on-site |
Does not offer medical services or care options |
|
Ownership Model |
Residents may own or rent their home |
Residents can only rent their home |
Residents may own or rent their home |
Not sure where to start? Read our guide to learn how to find and choose a senior living community. →
To help you successfully navigate living choices, here are a few quick answers to common questions about communities and care levels.
Start by thinking about the must-haves and upgrades you want in your day-to-day life. This can include:
Next, compare how each community delivers those amenities in terms of convenience and cost. The table above provides an at-a-glance view of general differences. From there, finding specific community options and taking in-person tours are the best ways to understand if the amenities match your needs.
Various types of senior living options, each designed for a different level of independence and support, include:
Some people prefer lifestyle-focused environments, whereas others choose options that offer care as their needs change. A senior living cost calculator can help narrow down your choices based on your priorities and budget.
Independent living, assisted living, and memory care are the three most common senior living options because they cover the needs of most older adults. Each offers a different level of services and structure, so focusing on personal needs and future planning is key.
It’s also helpful to know how different services — including end-of-life care — are paid for, because these factors influence your decision. For example, if you’re curious about how hospice services are covered, this article provides insight.
Insurance may cover certain forms of home health care, but it depends on your insurance plan, medical needs, and whether the services are considered medically necessary. Start by reviewing your policy’s section on skilled services, personal care, and in-home support.
Looking back at the care levels described in this article can help you understand how community-based care meets care needs, so you can work out how home-based options compare. When in doubt, contact your insurer directly for guidance.
Navigating the right path among types of senior living options isn’t about picking the “best” choice. Instead, it’s about discovering one that feels right for your routines, goals, comfort, and sense of home. Whether you’re leaning toward the simplicity of independent living or the reassurance of a CCRC, each option is designed to help you live fully and confidently.
Allow yourself to explore, ask questions, and imagine what a good life looks like moving forward. When you’re ready to go deeper, take a peek at our guide, Senior Living Options: Levels of Living.